Showing 2 results for Mohammadianinejad
Mohammad Bahadoram, Seyed Ehsan Mohammadianinejad, Esma'il Akade, Shana Ahadi, Saleh Rasras,
Volume 13, Issue 3 (11-2024)
Abstract
Ocular ptosis, or drooping of the upper eyelid, has diverse etiologies, including neurologic and non-neurologic causes. Aponeurotic ptosis is a common cause in the elderly and traumatic or mechanical causes can affect any age, mimicking a neurologic cause. The neurologic causes are diverse but especially arise peripherally from pathologies affecting the nerve, neuromuscular junction, and muscles. The choice of treatment depends on the particular cause, but surgical intervention can also be an option in appropriately selected neurological patients whose ptosis remains embarrassing despite the best medical treatment. Myasthenia gravis, an autoimmune disorder targeting the neuromuscular junction, is a significant cause of ocular ptosis. The treatment is mainly by symptomatic and immunosuppressive medications, but surgical interventions, such as blepharoplasty, may be considered in some cases of socially embarrassing ptosis.
Mohammad Bahadoram, Esma’il Akade , Seyed Ehsan Mohammadianinejad, Shana Ahadi, Mohammad Davoodi ,
Volume 13, Issue 3 (11-2024)
Abstract
Hemifacial spasm (HFS) is an important condition for plastic surgeons to understand, as it significantly affects patients' quality of life and can complicate aesthetic and reconstructive procedures. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become vital in diagnosing HFS, assessing neurovascular relationships, and planning treatment. Transverse MRI scans often show an upward displacement of the inferior pons at the facial nerve attachment point, signaling neurovascular compression (NVC) in HFS. Important anatomical features for neurosurgeons include cerebellar atrophy and a "small posterior fossa," which can lead to HFS by narrowing fluid spaces. The posterior fossa is often more congested in HFS patients, and anatomical flatness may exacerbate lateral deviation of the vertebrobasilar arteries. Additionally, evaluating sigmoid sinus dominance and other anatomical variations is crucial for surgical planning, particularly in cases of arterial hypertension that may affect medullary compression.
