WORLD JOURNAL OF PLASTIC SURGERY
Fri, Jan 3, 2025
[Archive]
Volume 13, Issue 3 (2024)
WJPS 2024, 13(3): 14-22 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Bahadoram M, Akade E, Mohammadianinejad S E, Ahadi S, Davoodi M. Treatment Challenges in Hemifacial Spasm: The Role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging. WJPS 2024; 13 (3) :14-22
URL: http://wjps.ir/article-1-1353-en.html
URL: http://wjps.ir/article-1-1353-en.html
Mohammad Bahadoram * 
1, Esma’il Akade2 , Seyed Ehsan Mohammadianinejad3 , Shana Ahadi1 , Mohammad Davoodi4
1, Esma’il Akade2 , Seyed Ehsan Mohammadianinejad3 , Shana Ahadi1 , Mohammad Davoodi4
1- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
2- Department of Medical Virology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
3- Iranian Center of Neurological Research, Neuroscience Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
2- Department of Medical Virology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
3- Iranian Center of Neurological Research, Neuroscience Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
Abstract: (269 Views)
Hemifacial spasm (HFS) is an important condition for plastic surgeons to understand, as it significantly affects patients' quality of life and can complicate aesthetic and reconstructive procedures. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become vital in diagnosing HFS, assessing neurovascular relationships, and planning treatment. Transverse MRI scans often show an upward displacement of the inferior pons at the facial nerve attachment point, signaling neurovascular compression (NVC) in HFS. Important anatomical features for neurosurgeons include cerebellar atrophy and a "small posterior fossa," which can lead to HFS by narrowing fluid spaces. The posterior fossa is often more congested in HFS patients, and anatomical flatness may exacerbate lateral deviation of the vertebrobasilar arteries. Additionally, evaluating sigmoid sinus dominance and other anatomical variations is crucial for surgical planning, particularly in cases of arterial hypertension that may affect medullary compression.
Keywords: facial nerve, Botulinum neurotoxin, Microvascular decompression surgery, Neurovascular compression syndrome, Plastic surgery
References
1. Shoja MM, Tubbs RS, Khalili M, Khodadoost K, Loukas M, Cohen-Gadol AA. Esmail Jorjani (1042-1137) and his descriptions of trigeminal neuralgia, hemifacial spasm, and bell's palsy. Neurosurgery 2010 Aug;67(2):431-4. [DOI:10.1227/01.NEU.0000372088.18260.B1]
2. Jankovic J, Brin MF. Botulinum toxin: historical perspective and potential new indications. Muscle Nerve Suppl 1997;6:S129-45.
https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-4598(1997)6+<129::AID-MUS9>3.0.CO;2-B [DOI:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4598(1997)6+3.0.CO;2-B]
3. Chan LL, Ng KM, Fook-Chong S, Lo YL, Tan EK. Three-dimensional MR volumetric analysis of the posterior fossa CSF space in hemifacial spasm. Neurology 2009 Sep 29;73(13):1054-7. [DOI:10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181b9c8ce]
4. Nilsen B, Le KD, Dietrichs E. Prevalence of hemifacial spasm in Oslo, Norway. Neurology 2004 Oct 26;63(8):1532-3. [DOI:10.1212/01.WNL.0000142080.85228.E8]
5. Auger RG, Whisnant JP. Hemifacial spasm in Rochester and Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1960 to 1984. Arch Neurol 1990 Nov;47(11):1233-4. [DOI:10.1001/archneur.1990.00530110095023]
6. Park JS, Lee S, Park SK, Lee JA, Park K. Facial motor evoked potential with paired transcranial magnetic stimulation: prognostic value following microvascular decompression for hemifacial spasm. J Neurosurg 2019 Dec 1;131(6):1780-7. [DOI:10.3171/2018.8.JNS18708]
7. Jankovic J. Peripherally induced movement disorders. Neurol Clin 2009 Aug;27(3):821-32, vii. [DOI:10.1016/j.ncl.2009.04.005]
8. Jin Y, Zhao C, Su S, Zhang X, Qiu Y, Jiang J. Residual hemifacial spasm after microvascular decompression: prognostic factors with emphasis on preoperative psychological state. Neurosurg Rev 2015 Jul;38(3):567-72; discussion 72. [DOI:10.1007/s10143-015-0622-6]
9. Wilkins RH. Hemifacial spasm: a review. Surg Neurol 1991 Oct;36(4):251-77. [DOI:10.1016/0090-3019(91)90087-P]
10. Colosimo C, Bologna M, Lamberti S, et al. A Comparative Study of Primary and Secondary Hemifacial Spasm. Archives of Neurology 2006;63(3):441-4. [DOI:10.1001/archneur.63.3.441]
11. Batla A, Goyal C, Shukla G, Goyal V, Srivastava A, Behari M. Hemifacial spasm: clinical characteristics of 321 Indian patients. J Neurol 2012 Aug;259(8):1561-5. [DOI:10.1007/s00415-011-6376-3]
12. Park JS, Kong DS, Lee JA, Park K. Hemifacial spasm: neurovascular compressive patterns and surgical significance. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2008 Mar;150(3):235-41; discussion 41. [DOI:10.1007/s00701-007-1457-x]
13. Campos-Benitez M, Kaufmann AM. Neurovascular compression findings in hemifacial spasm. J Neurosurg 2008 Sep;109(3):416-20. [DOI:10.3171/JNS/2008/109/9/0416]
14. Dutton JJ, Buckley EG. Long-term results and complications of botulinum A toxin in the treatment of blepharospasm. Ophthalmology 1988 Nov;95(11):1529-34. [DOI:10.1016/S0161-6420(88)32977-5]
15. Ramirez-Castaneda J, Jankovic J. Long-term efficacy and safety of botulinum toxin injections in dystonia. Toxins (Basel) 2013 Feb 4;5(2):249-66. [DOI:10.3390/toxins5020249]
16. Miller LE, Miller VM. Safety and effectiveness of microvascular decompression for treatment of hemifacial spasm: a systematic review. Br J Neurosurg 2012 Aug;26(4):438-44. [DOI:10.3109/02688697.2011.641613]
17. Kurokawa Y, Maeda Y, Toyooka T, Inaba K. Microvascular decompression for hemifacial spasm caused by the vertebral artery: a simple and effective transposition method using surgical glue. Surg Neurol 2004 Apr;61(4):398-403. [DOI:10.1016/S0090-3019(03)00425-7]
18. Møller AR, Jannetta PJ. Physiological abnormalities in hemifacial spasm studied during microvascular decompression operations. Exp Neurol 1986 Sep;93(3):584-600. [DOI:10.1016/0014-4886(86)90178-0]
19. Lee SH, Park JS, Ahn YH. Bioglue-Coated Teflon Sling Technique in Microvascular Decompression for Hemifacial Spasm Involving the Vertebral Artery. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 2016 Sep;59(5):505-11. [DOI:10.3340/jkns.2016.59.5.505]
20. Jeon C, Kim M, Lee H-S, Kong D-S, Park K. Outcomes after Microvascular Decompression for Hemifacial Spasm without Definite Radiological Neurovascular Compression at the Root Exit Zone. Life; 2023. [DOI:10.3390/life13102064]
21. Guclu B, Sindou M, Meyronet D, Streichenberger N, Simon E, Mertens P. Cranial nerve vascular compression syndromes of the trigeminal, facial and vago-glossopharyngeal nerves: comparative anatomical study of the central myelin portion and transitional zone; correlations with incidences of corresponding hyperactive dysfunctional syndromes. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2011 Dec;153(12):2365-75. [DOI:10.1007/s00701-011-1168-1]
22. Tanrikulu L, Scholz T, Nikoubashman O, Wiesmann M, Clusmann H. Preoperative MRI in neurovascular compression syndromes and its role for microsurgical considerations. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2015 Feb;129:17-20. [DOI:10.1016/j.clineuro.2014.11.005]
23. Donahue JH, Ornan DA, Mukherjee S. Imaging of Vascular Compression Syndromes. Radiol Clin North Am 2017 Jan;55(1):123-38. [DOI:10.1016/j.rcl.2016.08.001]
24. Tash R, DeMerritt J, Sze G, Leslie D. Hemifacial spasm: MR imaging features. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1991 Sep-Oct;12(5):839-42.
25. Yamakami I, Kobayashi E, Hirai S, Yamaura A. Preoperative assessment of trigeminal neuralgia and hemifacial spasm using constructive interference in steady state-three-dimensional Fourier transformation magnetic resonance imaging. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 2000 Nov;40(11):545-55; discussion 55-6. [DOI:10.2176/nmc.40.545]
26. Lee MS, Kim MS, Hong IS, Whang K, Han YP. Clinical usefulness of magnetic resonance cisternography in patients having hemifacial spasm. Yonsei Med J 2001 Aug;42(4):390-4. [DOI:10.3349/ymj.2001.42.4.390]
27. Chen SR. Neurological Imaging for Hemifacial Spasm. Int Ophthalmol Clin 2018 Winter;58(1):97-109. [DOI:10.1097/IIO.0000000000000212]
28. Lu AY, Yeung JT, Gerrard JL, Michaelides EM, Sekula RF, Jr., Bulsara KR. Hemifacial spasm and neurovascular compression. ScientificWorldJournal 2014;2014:349319. [DOI:10.1155/2014/349319]
29. Satoh T, Onoda K, Date I. Fusion imaging of three-dimensional magnetic resonance cisternograms and angiograms for the assessment of microvascular decompression in patients with hemifacial spasms. J Neurosurg 2007 Jan;106(1):82-9. [DOI:10.3171/jns.2007.106.1.82]
30. Cha J, Kim ST, Kim HJ, et al. Trigeminal neuralgia: assessment with T2 VISTA and FLAIR VISTA fusion imaging. Eur Radiol 2011 Dec;21(12):2633-9. [DOI:10.1007/s00330-011-2216-1]
31. Lutz J, Linn J, Mehrkens JH, et al. Trigeminal neuralgia due to neurovascular compression: high-spatial-resolution diffusion-tensor imaging reveals microstructural neural changes. Radiology 2011 Feb;258(2):524-30. [DOI:10.1148/radiol.10100477]
32. Deep NL, Fletcher GP, Nelson KD, et al. Magnetic Resonance Imaging Assessment of Vascular Contact of the Facial Nerve in the Asymptomatic Patient. J Neurol Surg B Skull Base 2016 Dec;77(6):503-9. [DOI:10.1055/s-0036-1584196]
33. Gaillard F. Abducens and facial cranial nerves and nuclei. Radiopaediaorg: Radiopaedia.org; 2017. [DOI:10.53347/rID-50811]
34. Hyun SJ, Kong DS, Park K. Microvascular decompression for treating hemifacial spasm: lessons learned from a prospective study of 1,174 operations. Neurosurg Rev 2010 Jul;33(3):325-34; discussion 34. [DOI:10.1007/s10143-010-0254-9]
35. Naraghi R, Tanrikulu L, Troescher-Weber R, et al. Classification of neurovascular compression in typical hemifacial spasm: three-dimensional visualization of the facial and the vestibulocochlear nerves. J Neurosurg 2007 Dec;107(6):1154-63. [DOI:10.3171/JNS-07/12/1154]
36. Fukuda H, Ishikawa M, Okumura R. Demonstration of neurovascular compression in trigeminal neuralgia and hemifacial spasm with magnetic resonance imaging: comparison with surgical findings in 60 consecutive cases. Surg Neurol 2003 Feb;59(2):93-9; discussion 9-100. [DOI:10.1016/S0090-3019(02)00993-X]
37. Gaillard F. Hemifacial spasm. Radiopaediaorg: Radiopaedia.org; 2008. [DOI:10.53347/rID-2617]
38. Lee SH, Rhee BA, Choi SK, Koh JS, Lim YJ. Cerebellopontine angle tumors causing hemifacial spasm: types, incidence, and mechanism in nine reported cases and literature review. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2010 Nov;152(11):1901-8. [DOI:10.1007/s00701-010-0796-1]
39. Marin Collazo IV, Tobin WO. Facial Myokymia and Hemifacial Spasm in Multiple Sclerosis: A Descriptive Study on Clinical Features and Treatment Outcomes. Neurologist 2018 Jan;23(1):1-6. [DOI:10.1097/NRL.0000000000000163]
40. Hermier M. Imaging of hemifacial spasm. Neurochirurgie 2018 May;64(2):117-23. [DOI:10.1016/j.neuchi.2018.01.005]
41. Parise M, Acioly MA, Ribeiro CT, Vincent M, Gasparetto EL. The role of the cerebellopontine angle cistern area and trigeminal nerve length in the pathogenesis of trigeminal neuralgia: a prospective case-control study. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2013 May;155(5):863-8. [DOI:10.1007/s00701-012-1573-0]
42. Cheng J, Fang Y, Zhang H, et al. Quantitative Study of Posterior Fossa Crowdedness in Hemifacial Spasm. World Neurosurg 2015 Oct;84(4):920-6. [DOI:10.1016/j.wneu.2015.04.040]
43. Hamasaki T, Yamada K, Kitajima M, Kuratsu J. Flatness of the infratentorial space associated with hemifacial spasm. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2016 Jul;158(7):1405-12. [DOI:10.1007/s00701-016-2831-3]
44. Nakamura T, Osawa M, Uchiyama S, Iwata M. Arterial hypertension in patients with left primary hemifacial spasm is associated with neurovascular compression of the left rostral ventrolateral medulla. Eur Neurol 2007;57(3):150-5. [DOI:10.1159/000098466]
45. Sindou M, Mahmoudi M, Brînzeu A. Hypertension of neurogenic origin: effect of microvascular decompression of the CN IX-X root entry/exit zone and ventrolateral medulla on blood pressure in a prospective series of 48 patients with hemifacial spasm associated with essential hypertension. J Neurosurg 2015 Dec;123(6):1405-13. [DOI:10.3171/2014.12.JNS141775]
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
